Why does the world consider Ernest Rutherford the father of atomic physics?
Christchurch, April 23, 2020, Thursday
The chemist and physicist Ernest Rutherford has been called the father of atomic physics. He was born on 30 August 1871 in Spriggrove, South Island, New Zealand. Rutherford was the second of twelve children of schoolteacher mother Martha and father James. The parents were well raised at the time amidst many kinds of economic integration.
Ernest Rutherford is named after the scientist Michael Faraday, who spent the most time in chemical experiments. Due to his merits in physics, he had the opportunity to do research with the famous scientist Sir JJ Thomson in 1894. Rutherford was a professor of physics at McGill University in Canada in 1898. He was also a lecturer at the University of Manchester, England in 1907. After Thomson's death in 1919, he became Professor and Director of Physics at Cambridge University. Alpha used in physical chemistry. The distance between beta and gamma rays was first explained by Rutherford. Ernest Rutherford was awarded the Nobel Prize in Science in 1908 for his contribution to nuclear physics.
Atom in English is a small part of the element of atomic chemistry. Anyone who participates in a chemical process cannot remain independent. Even the great sage Karnade of India is made of extremely fine particles. Atoms are made up of protons, electrons and neutrons. The shape of the atoms is very microscopic which has very low mass. Hydrogen is the lightest and smallest of the molecules. Its radius is 0.3 * 10-10 meters. The molecules of any substance have chemical properties of the substance in combination with its or other molecules.
The chemical properties of any substance are those of its atoms. J. J. Thomson as a result of modern inventions in the 20th century. Scientists like Rutherford, and Chadwick have proven that there is a nuclear fission. And it is made up of three main particles. Called electrons, protons as well as neutrons. A century ago today, all scientists believed that the smallest unit of everything we need in the world is an atomic particle, and that it cannot be broken down. The word atom is used in English for atom. Which in Greek means indestructible, but the discovery of gamma and X-rays in the world century revealed that radiation comes out of the atom that scientists consider indivisible.
Inspired by this discovery, a scientist named JJ Thomson discovered electrons. After Dalton, the experiments of scientist J. J. Thomson and Rutherford greatly improved Dalton's theory. He explained that the atom is not indivisible but that small charged particles are formed together. In 1887, J. J. Thomas certified the presence of solid particles inside the atom. Earlier it was believed that these particles were scattered inside the atom. Their existence was thought to be like a cardamom scattered in a bundi ladwa.
Ernst Rutherford was not at all willing to accept this kind of definition of an electron inside an atom. So he did more than one experiment. Experiments to find out the structure inside an atom found that according to the prevailing atomic theory, alpha particles should collide with gold foil in one place on the screen. . Rutherford's experiment proved that the nucleus in the center of the atom has a positive part due to which the alpha particles return. This experiment made it clear to them that the part is nucleus. All the mass of an atom is concentrated in this nucleus. Electrons move in a systematic way around this positive.
In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that the atom is almost empty, but its force is at the center around which electrons revolve. It was later discovered that atoms have particles called neutrons and protons. Now neutrons and protons are also made up of particles called quarks and quarks are also made up of different particles. According to the Big Bang theory, there was no matter anywhere before Sushti was formed but only energy. 14 billion years ago today, energy split into matter and antimatter.
This caused a big explosion and made the world out of matter. According to scientists, antimatter is lost somewhere in the universe. Antimatter and God particles can be obtained if an event that occurred 14 billion years ago is created in a laboratory. Such an environment should not be affected by natural or artificial radiation. This is being done in a laboratory 300 feet deep in the ground, although the foundations of all this research were contributed by the discoveries and researches of scientists like Rutherford.
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